David Lynam ABSTRACT: In 1997, a burn test was performed on a temporary retail fireworks stand stocked with 900 pounds (400 kg) of a range of consumer fireworks. A maximum interior temperature of 1,400 °C was recorded inside the test stand and flashover occurred within approximately one minute of involvement of the fireworks. Ignited fireworks …
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Thermodynamic Modeling of High-Temperature Systems
Gleb V. Belov ABSTRACT: An outline of thermodynamic modeling of high-temperature systems is presented, including a historical introduction. There is no intention to provide a complete history of thermodynamic modeling, so neither vapor-liquid equilibria nor the thermodynamics of non-ideal solutions is discussed. This article reflects the author’s personal vision of the state of the art. …
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Evaluation of the Hazards Posed by High Energy Bangers Part 2. Damage to Hand Simulants
R. K. Wharton and A. E. Jeffcock ABSTRACT: This paper reports the development and construction of hand simulant models and their use to evaluate the extent of injury to persons holding, or being near to, high energy bangers when they are initiated. The test work suggests a risk of severe injury to the hand and …
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Review of: Proximate Special Effects Familiarization & Safety – J. Larry Mattingly, David A. Opperman, MD, Francis “Pinky” Pinkerton
Review of: Proximate Special Effects Familiarization & Safety J. Larry Mattingly, David A. Opperman, MD, Francis “Pinky” Pinkerton Review by Stephen Miller M.I.Exp.E., After many years of drought, the rain is falling for those praying for a basic technical reference book on stage pyrotechnics. The stage and special effects industry as a whole has been …
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A Curious Observation during the Burning of Bulk Whistle Composition
L. Weinman, C. Dayton, and K. Lemon Abstract: As is common in pyrotechnic manufacturing operations, occasionally excess or sub-standard compositions need to be destroyed. This is usually, but not always, done by burning the composition. Recently, in the course of burning several pounds of excess potassium perchlorate-potassium benzoate whistle mix, a curious noise was produced. …
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Feasibility Study on the Use of Nanoscale Thermites for Lead-Free Electric Matches
Darren L. Naud, Michael A. Hiskey, Steven F. Son, James R. Busse, and Ken Kosanke ABSTRACT: Electric matches are used in the pyrotechnic industry to electrically initiate devices remotely and with precise timing. Unfortunately, most current commercial electric matches contain lead compounds, which when burned produce lead reaction products that may cause environmental pollution and contamination …
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Some Properties of Explosion Generated Toroids
Fred Ryan and Joe Daugherty ABSTRACT: The mechanism of sound production from explosion-created toroids is discussed, as well as progress in rendering them more visible. The toroids, or “smoke rings”, are easily formed by exploding a small charge at the bottom of a cylindrical barrel that is open at the top. The stability, self propulsion, …
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Reasons for Fuse Failure and Drift Distance of Spherical Fireworks Shells
Marc Speer ABSTRACT: This work investigates the reasons for the ignition-failure of spherical (round) shells. It further statistically assesses the probability that the resulting blind (dud) shells will fall within a certain range from the launch point. Keywords: fuse failure, shell drift, Magnus effect, interior ballistics, exterior ballistics, shell ballistics, blind shell, dud shell Ref: JPyro, …
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A Study of the Combustion Behaviour of Pyrotechnic Whistle Devices (Acoustic and Chemical Factors)
M. Podlesak and M. A. Wilson ABSTRACT: Pyrotechnic whistles have long been used in both civilian and military applications. It is known that, under certain conditions, these compositions burn in an oscillatory manner and have exhibited a tendency occasionally to explode with great power during combustion. Based on the results of experimental work and a …
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Color Purity Measurements of Traditional Pyrotechnic Star Formulas
Brian V. Ingram ABSTRACT: Pyrotechnic formulas designed to produce colored flames are well known, but the trends in color quality due to individual formula components are less well understood. This paper presents spectrometer work done to record spectra and processes them into chromaticity coordinates. Major formulas of the basic additive colors of red, green, and …
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